Federalism was basically introduced to bring about peace and unity in the different regions of the country. Put differently, revenue sharing has become a recurrent crisis factor in Nigeria. It has been suggested that the creation of more states and local government have helped in the distribution of national cake. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. You are welcome dear reader. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. Federalism will shape the long-term health and economic impacts of COVID-19, including plans for the future, for at least two reasons: First, federalism exacerbates inequities, as some states have a history of underinvesting in social programs, especially in certain communities. 6 0 obj five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Just very few words have evoked much more controversy in the discus of politics than the word, federalism. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. 74 . Present Nigeria was formed by the amalgamation of two regions which many see as a big influence in why federalism was later adopted by the British and later on by Nigerian leaders as at the time of independence. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? He rejects the assertion that The 1951 constitution gave more strength to regionalism with the creation of two chamber legislation in the northern and western Nigeria. Section 10 of the constitution rule outs the adoption of any religion as a state religion either. All attempts to solve these problems over the years have failed. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. Despite that, instead of unity, cooperation and consensus, there has been apparent division, disagreement, and dissension. was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of . /F6 21 0 R Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. The current problems facing the Nigeria government and the Biafra separatist agitators originate in the causes and the effects of the Nigerian Civil war (06 July 1967-15 January 1970). In examining post-independence constitution-making in Nigeria, this chapter finds that military rule blighted Nigerias capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges of federalism. Roxy Horner biography: who is Jack Whitehalls girlfriend? But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, Besides the Big Three - Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, there are other macro and micro ethnic minorities in the country. Thus, Nigeria's federalism is not only complex but also hard to understand. Ethnic, Religious and Geographical Factor 3.5 5. << Meaningful studies, especially the comparative study of Vile, have significantly shown that emerging challenges of conflict, cooperation and competition amongst levels of government in classical federalist states such as U.S., Canada and Australia, are important rationales for federating as well as the hallmarks of federal government (Vile, cited in Jinadu, 1979). By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria. Death of a nation - Biafra and the Nigerian question.pdf, The politics and problem of fiscal federalism and revenue allocation formula in Nigeria: Who should get what, how, when and why, Resource Control: a Necessary Element for True Federalism in Nigeria, THE IMPACT OF STATE JOINT LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNT ON STATE LOCAL RELATIONS IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA, MEMORANDUM ON TRUE FEDERALISM SUBMITTED BY THE 'RESTRUCTURE NIGERIA' COMMUNITY AS A RESPONSE TO THE APC COMMITTEE CALL ON TRUE FEDERALISM, THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES The Legal Framework for the Corporate Existence of Nigeria, Intricacies and paradoxes federalism and secessionism in Nigeria.pdf, Civic Education Curriculum Implementation, NIGERIAN FEDERALISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: PURSUIT, PROSPECTS AND IMPEDIMENTS TO UNITY AND NATION BUILDING, Constitutions Making, Amendments, Reviews and Nigerias Political Development: No doubt, the Ethnic, Religious and Geographical nature of Nigeria also contributed to the reason why federalism was adopted. Federalism shares power between the central and regional governments; thus promoting efficiency in service delivery and governance. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. Federalism is a method of segregating powers so that the central and local governments are each within a domain, harmonizing and autonomous. and Democracy in Nigeria, ISSUES IN NIGERIAN FISCAL FEDERALISM; THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRINCIPLE OF DERIVATION AND RESOURCE CONTROL. Nigeria as a nation has succeeded in commanding influence among member states by the virtue of its size. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Now, because the level of the development of the productive forces was still at a rudimentary stage, the pervasiveness of commodity relations was equally at a low level. So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. Why do nations federate?, what are the factors or conditions to have necessitated the adoption of federalism?, how is a federation to be organized?, how is power to be shared between the levels of government in a federation?, is federalism a means to an end or an end itself?, why do some federations succeed and others fail?. Hon. 2023, Bscholarly LLC. Levoluzione del federalismo nigeriano tra conflitti etnici e transizioni democratiche. This duplicity of government is not alien to a federal structure as identified, except that in the Nigerian case, there is ineffable strife for dominance. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Is there high propensity or likelihood of exclusion, marginalization and relative deprivation, which was to engender obsessive mutual antagonism? reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. Keywords: Civil war, Secession, Self-determination, Nationalism and Restructuring, This work critically examines the issues undermining the unification of Nigeria, using indicators and concepts including failed state, separatist agitation and insecurity. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. /F2 9 0 R If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. To begin with, the title of this book, " Last Train to Biafra " is allegorically evocative of the severing of, or rather the dead relationship between Nigeria and Biafra. ideology, federalism becomes the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the. What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? REASONS FOR LOW TRADE Historical reasons - India adopted socialist model of economy and policy of import substitution and protectionism till 1990s and civil wars and domestic instability in other countries Poor Connectivity- Due to difficult terrain on borders, poor development of inland waterways, poor border infrastructure like border huts . 2. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. (eds. Dear Chidera, federalism allows the creation of ethnic-based federating units (States). Wheare who contends that it is a system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere cordinate and independent. The federal system adopted in 1954 comprised a national government and three regional governments: Eastern, Northern, and Western. ICT services have help in the improvement of the markets, reduction in transaction costs and increase . It was under the 1954 constitution that federal system of government was fully adopted. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. This marginalization is evinced by untold hardships such as poverty, lack of infrastructure for health care and education, and generally impaired wellbeing. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] The fact that these nations chose to adopt a federal system does not prove anything; it does, however, suggest that federalism may help these countries manage the problems that come with ethnic . /Type /XObject V(B8eDK@sx AK hG~ u;6DV,pwP# _ O4C sR 8_yC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Problems facing the legal profession in Nigeria, History of the legal profession in Nigeria, Problems of Local Government in Nigeria And Solutions, 5 important Characteristic of customary law, Sources of Nigerian Law: everything you need to know. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br It forays into the inherent issues underlying the Biafran movement and the ways in which those issues, as well as Biafran agitation, are inimical to Nigeria's development. of diversities helps in a nations decision to adopt the aggregative or disaggregative type of federalism. Peter W I L F R E D Naankiel, FRED EKPE F. AYOKHAI, Covenant University Journal of Politics and International Affairs, African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, Institutional Engineering and the Survival of Nigerian Federalism, " Managing a Plural Society : the Boomerang Effects of Nigerian Federalism' Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics , 27, 1-2 (July 1989), 218-245, An Historical Interrogation of Federalism berlin, THE PRACTICE OF TRUE FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE NIGER DELTA QUESTION, "The dawn of constitutionalism in Nigeria in Mbondenyi, M. K., and Ojienda T. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? adblue warning light citroen,